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What is Astigmatism?

Astigmatism is a common refractive error that occurs when the cornea or lens of the eye has an irregular shape. Instead of being perfectly round, the cornea is shaped more like a football, leading to blurred or distorted vision. This irregular curvature affects how light enters the eye, preventing it from focusing correctly on the retina.

Symptoms of Astigmatism

Many people with astigmatism experience:

• Blurry or distorted vision at any distance
• Eye strain or discomfort
• Headaches after prolonged visual tasks
• Difficulty seeing at night
• Squinting to see objects more clearly

Since these symptoms can also be linked to other vision problems, an eye exam is necessary to determine if astigmatism is the cause.

Causes of Astigmatism

Astigmatism can be:

• Hereditary – It often runs in families and may be present at birth.
• Developed over time – Changes in the shape of the cornea can occur due to aging, eye surgery, or eye injuries.
• Associated with other vision conditions – Many people with nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) also have astigmatism.

How is Astigmatism Diagnosed?

An optometrist or ophthalmologist can diagnose astigmatism through a comprehensive eye exam, including tests to measure the cornea’s curvature and how light focuses inside the eye.

Treatment Options for Astigmatism

Fortunately, astigmatism is treatable with:

• Prescription Glasses – Special lenses help compensate for the cornea’s irregular shape.
• Contact Lenses – Toric lenses are designed to correct astigmatism.
• Refractive Surgery – Procedures like LASIK or PRK reshape the cornea to improve vision.

If you’re experiencing blurry or strained vision, a simple eye exam can determine if astigmatism is the cause. Proper correction can significantly improve clarity and comfort in daily activities. For a more in depth look, please visit our post about Astigmatism Vision Distortions.

For more information about eye health, visit the American Academy of Ophthalmology’s Eye Health A-Z.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Consult an eye care professional for concerns about your vision.