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What Is an Eye Exam?

An eye exam is a routine checkup performed by an eye care professional to assess your vision, screen for potential eye diseases, and ensure overall eye health. Whether experiencing vision problems or simply keeping up with preventative care, regular eye exams are essential for maintaining clear sight and detecting early signs of glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration.

What Happens During an Eye Exam?

A comprehensive eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate different aspects of your vision and eye health. While the exact procedures may vary, most exams include:

• Visual Acuity Test – Measures how clearly you can see at different distances using an eye chart.
• Refraction Test – Determines whether you need prescription glasses or contact lenses.
• Eye Pressure Test (Tonometry) – Checks for signs of glaucoma by measuring intraocular pressure.
• Retinal Exam – Examines the back of the eye, including the retina and optic nerve, to detect issues like diabetic retinopathy or macular degeneration.
• Eye Muscle Test – Assesses how well your eye muscles coordinate and move together.

How Often Should You Get an Eye Exam?

The frequency of eye exams depends on your age, health, and whether you have existing vision problems:

• Children: At least once before starting school, then every 1–2 years.
• Adults (18–40): Every 2 years if no vision problems exist.
• Adults (40+): Annually or as an eye doctor recommends, especially if at risk for conditions like presbyopia or glaucoma.
• People with Diabetes or Eye Conditions: More frequent exams may be necessary to monitor changes in eye health.

Why Are Eye Exams Important?

Many eye diseases develop without noticeable symptoms in their early stages. Regular exams help detect problems early, increasing the chances of effective treatment. In addition to preserving vision, eye exams can reveal signs of high blood pressure, diabetes, and other systemic health issues.

Book Your Eye Exam Today

If you haven’t had an eye exam in a while, it may be time to schedule one. Whether noticing vision changes or simply keeping up with preventative care, a comprehensive eye exam is the best way to protect your eyesight for years.

If you are wondering what you can expect when getting a refraction eye exam, check out our guide.

For more information about eye health, visit the American Academy of Ophthalmology’s Eye Health A-Z.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Consult an eye care professional for concerns about your vision.